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REVIEWED: examples memory allocators, using raylib provided macros

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Ray
2026-03-23 11:53:57 +01:00
parent 7e8aca00b6
commit ca1baca7c2
5 changed files with 59 additions and 53 deletions
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94
examples/shapes/shapes_ball_physics.c
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@ -17,15 +17,19 @@
#include "raylib.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h> // Required for: malloc(), free()
#include <math.h> // Required for: hypot()
#define MAX_BALLS 5000 // Maximum quantity of balls
#define MAX_BALLS 5000 // Maximum quantity of balls
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Types and Structures Definition
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Ball data type
typedef struct Ball {
Vector2 pos; // Position
Vector2 vel; // Velocity
Vector2 ppos; // Previous position
Vector2 position;
Vector2 speed;
Vector2 prevPosition;
float radius;
float friction;
float elasticity;
@ -45,11 +49,13 @@ int main(void)
InitWindow(screenWidth, screenHeight, "raylib [shapes] example - ball physics");
Ball *balls = (Ball*)malloc(sizeof(Ball)*MAX_BALLS);
Ball *balls = (Ball*)RL_MALLOC(sizeof(Ball)*MAX_BALLS);
// Init first ball in the array
balls[0] = (Ball){
.pos = { GetScreenWidth()/2.0f, GetScreenHeight()/2.0f },
.vel = { 200, 200 },
.ppos = { 0 },
.position = { GetScreenWidth()/2.0f, GetScreenHeight()/2.0f },
.speed = { 200, 200 },
.prevPosition = { 0 },
.radius = 40,
.friction = 0.99f,
.elasticity = 0.9f,
@ -58,12 +64,12 @@ int main(void)
};
int ballCount = 1;
Ball *grabbedBall = NULL; // A pointer to the current ball that is grabbed
Vector2 pressOffset = { 0 }; // Mouse press offset relative to the ball that grabbedd
Ball *grabbedBall = NULL; // A pointer to the current ball that is grabbed
Vector2 pressOffset = { 0 }; // Mouse press offset relative to the ball that grabbedd
float gravity = 100; // World gravity
float gravity = 100; // World gravity
SetTargetFPS(60); // Set our game to run at 60 frames-per-second
SetTargetFPS(60); // Set our game to run at 60 frames-per-second
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Main game loop
@ -80,8 +86,8 @@ int main(void)
for (int i = ballCount - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
Ball *ball = &balls[i];
pressOffset.x = mousePos.x - ball->pos.x;
pressOffset.y = mousePos.y - ball->pos.y;
pressOffset.x = mousePos.x - ball->position.x;
pressOffset.y = mousePos.y - ball->position.y;
// If the distance between the ball position and the mouse press position
// is less than or equal to the ball radius, the event occurred inside the ball
@ -110,9 +116,9 @@ int main(void)
if (ballCount < MAX_BALLS)
{
balls[ballCount++] = (Ball){
.pos = mousePos,
.vel = { (float)GetRandomValue(-300, 300), (float)GetRandomValue(-300, 300) },
.ppos = { 0 },
.position = mousePos,
.speed = { (float)GetRandomValue(-300, 300), (float)GetRandomValue(-300, 300) },
.prevPosition = { 0 },
.radius = 20.0f + (float)GetRandomValue(0, 30),
.friction = 0.99f,
.elasticity = 0.9f,
@ -127,7 +133,7 @@ int main(void)
{
for (int i = 0; i < ballCount; i++)
{
if (!balls[i].grabbed) balls[i].vel = (Vector2){ (float)GetRandomValue(-2000, 2000), (float)GetRandomValue(-2000, 2000) };
if (!balls[i].grabbed) balls[i].speed = (Vector2){ (float)GetRandomValue(-2000, 2000), (float)GetRandomValue(-2000, 2000) };
}
}
@ -143,49 +149,49 @@ int main(void)
if (!ball->grabbed)
{
// Ball repositioning using the velocity
ball->pos.x += ball->vel.x * delta;
ball->pos.y += ball->vel.y * delta;
ball->position.x += ball->speed.x * delta;
ball->position.y += ball->speed.y * delta;
// Does the ball hit the screen right boundary?
if ((ball->pos.x + ball->radius) >= screenWidth)
if ((ball->position.x + ball->radius) >= screenWidth)
{
ball->pos.x = screenWidth - ball->radius; // Ball repositioning
ball->vel.x = -ball->vel.x*ball->elasticity; // Elasticity makes the ball lose 10% of its velocity on hit
ball->position.x = screenWidth - ball->radius; // Ball repositioning
ball->speed.x = -ball->speed.x*ball->elasticity; // Elasticity makes the ball lose 10% of its velocity on hit
}
// Does the ball hit the screen left boundary?
else if ((ball->pos.x - ball->radius) <= 0)
else if ((ball->position.x - ball->radius) <= 0)
{
ball->pos.x = ball->radius;
ball->vel.x = -ball->vel.x*ball->elasticity;
ball->position.x = ball->radius;
ball->speed.x = -ball->speed.x*ball->elasticity;
}
// The same for y axis
if ((ball->pos.y + ball->radius) >= screenHeight)
if ((ball->position.y + ball->radius) >= screenHeight)
{
ball->pos.y = screenHeight - ball->radius;
ball->vel.y = -ball->vel.y*ball->elasticity;
ball->position.y = screenHeight - ball->radius;
ball->speed.y = -ball->speed.y*ball->elasticity;
}
else if ((ball->pos.y - ball->radius) <= 0)
else if ((ball->position.y - ball->radius) <= 0)
{
ball->pos.y = ball->radius;
ball->vel.y = -ball->vel.y*ball->elasticity;
ball->position.y = ball->radius;
ball->speed.y = -ball->speed.y*ball->elasticity;
}
// Friction makes the ball lose 1% of its velocity each frame
ball->vel.x = ball->vel.x*ball->friction;
ball->speed.x = ball->speed.x*ball->friction;
// Gravity affects only the y axis
ball->vel.y = ball->vel.y*ball->friction + gravity;
ball->speed.y = ball->speed.y*ball->friction + gravity;
}
else
{
// Ball repositioning using the mouse position
ball->pos.x = mousePos.x - pressOffset.x;
ball->pos.y = mousePos.y - pressOffset.y;
ball->position.x = mousePos.x - pressOffset.x;
ball->position.y = mousePos.y - pressOffset.y;
// While the ball is grabbed, recalculates its velocity
ball->vel.x = (ball->pos.x - ball->ppos.x)/delta;
ball->vel.y = (ball->pos.y - ball->ppos.y)/delta;
ball->ppos = ball->pos;
ball->speed.x = (ball->position.x - ball->prevPosition.x)/delta;
ball->speed.y = (ball->position.y - ball->prevPosition.y)/delta;
ball->prevPosition = ball->position;
}
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@ -198,8 +204,8 @@ int main(void)
for (int i = 0; i < ballCount; i++)
{
DrawCircleV(balls[i].pos, balls[i].radius, balls[i].color);
DrawCircleLinesV(balls[i].pos, balls[i].radius, BLACK);
DrawCircleV(balls[i].position, balls[i].radius, balls[i].color);
DrawCircleLinesV(balls[i].position, balls[i].radius, BLACK);
}
DrawText("grab a ball by pressing with the mouse and throw it by releasing", 10, 10, 10, DARKGRAY);
@ -215,7 +221,7 @@ int main(void)
// De-Initialization
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
free(balls);
RL_FREE(balls);
CloseWindow(); // Close window and OpenGL context
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------